film - Exploitation film
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Others include The Blues Brothers, Cannonball, The Hitcher, Death Race 2000, Dirty Mary Crazy film Larry, Gone in 60 Seconds, Mad Max, Race with the Devil and Two-Lane Blacktop. Others include Fräulein Devil (Captive Women 4/Elsa: Fraulein SS/Fraulein Kitty), La Bestia in Calore (SS Hell Camp/SS Experiment Part 2/The Beast in Heat/Horrifying Experiments of the film Patterson-Gimlin film S.S.
The first and best-known mondo film is Mondo Cane (A Dog s World). The progenitor of this subgenre was Love Camp 7 (1969).
Quentin Tarantino made reference to this genre in Kill Bill, in which the main character is left for dead in the beginning and seeks revenge. Sex exploitation, or sexploitation films, are similar to softcore pornography, in that the film serves largely as a vehicle for showing scenes involving nude or semi-nude women. Night of the Lepus, Frogs, and Godzilla vs.
Ulmer film Beyond the Time Barrier (1960). They were considerably more violent and amoral than typical Hollywood westerns (some films have body counts of over 200 people killed) and often eschewed (some say demythologized ) the conventions of earlier Westerns.
Exploitation films sometimes attract critical attention and cult followings. Exploitation films may feature suggestive or explicit sex, sensational violence, drug use, nudity, freaks, gore, the bizarre, destruction, rebellion, and mayhem. (See also List of biker films.) Black exploitation, or blaxploitation films, are made with black actors, ostensibly for black audiences, often within a stereotypically African American urban milieu.
Wardh/Blade of the Ripper), Sei donne per l assassino (Blood and Black Lace) and Tenebrae. the Smog Monster are examples of these movies.
45 and Thriller - en grym film (Thriller: A Cruel Picture). Films such as Hanzo the Razor, Lady Snowblood, Lone Wolf and Cub, Sex and Fury (which would also be a sexploitation film) and Shogun Assassin had few of the stoic, formal sensibilities of earlier jidaigeki films such as those by Akira Kurosawa -- the new chambara featured revenge-driven antihero protagonists, gratuitous nudity, steamy sex scenes, gruesome swordplay and gallons of blood, often spurted from wounds as if from a firehose. Carsploitation films are films featuring many scenes of car racing and crashing with sports and muscle cars that were popular around the era.
Many of them were violent action films which some would refer to as drive-in films. Exploitation films may adopt the subject matters and stylings of film genres, particularly horror films and documentary films. Similar to Mondo films, the main draw of cannibal films was the promise of exotic locales and graphic gore involving any living creatures, human or animal.
The Fast and the Furious franchise fits into this subgenre, as well. Eco-terror films, also called nature-run-amok or natural horror films or eco-horror films, focus on an animal or group of animals that are far larger and more aggressive than is usual for its species, terrorizing humans within a particular locale whilst a group of other humans attempt to hunt it down. Their producers also used sensational elements to attract audiences lost to television.
Other well-known sexploitation films include the Emmanuelle series, Showgirls and Caligula. Movies include Roger Corman s Women in Cages and The Big Doll House, Bamboo House of Dolls, Barbed Wire Dolls by Jesus Franco, Women s Prison Massacre by Joe D Amato, Reform School Girls by Tom DeSimone, and Caged Heat by Jonathan Demme. Zombie films are graphic, gory movies focusing on undead zombies.
Examples include The Beyond, Children Shouldn t Play with Dead Things, City of the Living Dead, Flesheater, Hell of the Living Dead, The House by the Cemetery, Le Notti del terrore (Burial Ground: The Nights of Terror), Re-Animator, Shock Waves, Sugar Hill (also a blaxploitation film), Zombi 2 (also called Zombie Flesh Eaters, Zombie, Woodoo or Island of The Living Dead) and Zombie Holocaust. She Shoulda Said No (1949) combined the themes of drug use and promiscuous sex. Several war films were made about the Winter War in Finland, the Korean War and the Vietnam War before the major studios showed interest.
Caligula is unique among sexploitation films and exploitation films in general in that it features high budget and eminent actors (Malcolm McDowell, John Gielgud, Peter O Toole and Helen Mirren). Shock exploitation films, or shock films or shocksploitation films ; contain various shocking elements such as extremely realistic graphic violence, graphic rape depictions, simulated bestiality and depictions of incest. Quentin Tarantino s Death Proof is a modern homage to this genre, as well as to slasher films and the films of Russ Meyer.
The best known film of this genre is the controversial 1980 Cannibal Holocaust in which six animals are killed. They are primarily voyeuristic sexual fantasies about prison life that rely on heavy doses of nudity, lesbianism, sexual assault, humiliation, sadism, and rebellion among captive women.
The tortures inflicted are often of a sexual nature; and the prisoners, who are often female, are nude. Examples include Death Rides a Horse, Django, The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly, The Grand Duel, The Great Silence, For a Few Dollars More, The Big Gundown, and A Fistful of Dollars. A splatter film or gore film is a type of horror film that deliberately focuses on graphic portrayals of gore and violence.
Sex Madness (1938) portrayed the dangers of venereal disease from premarital sex. A string of low-budget juvenile delinquent films centered around hot-rods and motorcycles followed in the 1950s.
Romero s Night of the Living Dead and Dawn of the Dead. The art film and exploitation film audiences are both considered to have tastes that reject the mainstream Hollywood offerings. Exploitation films often exploited events that occurred in the news and were in the short term public consciousness that a major film studio may avoid due to the length of time of producing a major film.
Other examples of Giallo films include 4 mosche di velluto grigio (Four Flies on Grey Velvet), Il gatto a nove code (The Cat o Nine Tails), L uccello dalle piume di cristallo (The Bird with the Crystal Plumage), La coda dello scorpione (The Case of the Scorpion s Tail), La tarantola dal ventre nero (Black Belly of the Tarantula), Lo strano vizio della Signora Wardh (The Strange Vice of Mrs. Others include Shocking Asia and the Faces of Death series. Nazi exploitation films, also called Nazisploitation films, or Il Sadiconazista , focus on Nazis torturing prisoners at death camps and brothels during World War II.
Their rapid production schedule can take advantage of publicity attached to major studio films. Exploitation film is a type of film that is promoted by exploiting often lurid subject matter.
Such films have existed since the earliest days of moviemaking, but they were popularized in the 1960s and 70s with the general relaxing of censorship and cinematic taboos in the USA and Europe. Famous directors in this genre include Umberto Lenzi, Ruggero Deodato, Jesús Franco, and Joe D Amato. In the 1970s, a brand of revisionist, non-traditional samurai film rose to some popularity in Japan, following the popularity of samurai manga by Kazuo Koike, on whose work many later films would be based.
Friedman, whose most famous films (and quintessential examples of the genre) include Blood Feast (1963), Two Thousand Maniacs! (1964), Color Me Blood Red (1965), The Gruesome Twosome (1967) and The Wizard of Gore (1970). The progenitor of this genre was La ragazza che sapeva troppo (The Girl Who Knew Too Much).
Last Days), L ultima orgia del III Reich (Gestapo s Last Orgy/Last Orgy of The Third Reich/Caligula Reincarnated as Hitler), Salon Kitty and SS Experiment Camp. Zombie films continue in the modern era in the form of remakes Night of the Living Dead, Dawn of the Dead, Day of the Dead, and I Am Legend, and original films 28 Days Later and 28 Weeks Later, Dead Alive (also called Braindead), Diary of the Dead, Land of the Dead, Planet Terror, Zombieland and Slither.
Others include Cannibal Ferox, Eaten Alive!, The Mountain of the Cannibal God, Last Cannibal World, and the first cannibal film, The Man From Deep River. As a distinct genre, the splatter film began in the 1960s with the films of Herschell Gordon Lewis and David F.
They were generally cautionary stories about the alleged dangers of premarital sex and drug use. Very often, exploitation films are of low quality in every sense.
Thematically, exploitation films can also be influenced by other so-called exploitative media, like pulp magazines. For example Child Bride (1938) addressed a problem of older men marrying very young women in the Ozarks.
The victims are often teenagers or young adults. By far the most famous film of this genre is I Spit on Your Grave (also called Day of the Woman).
It truly emerged as a genre during the 1970s and peaked in the 1980s. Buñuel s Un chien andalou contains elements of the modern splatter film.
The success of American International Pictures The Wild Angels in 1966 ignited a trend that continued into the early 1970s. Examples of shock films include Antichrist, August Underground s Mordum, Baise-moi, Blood Sucking Freaks, Combat Shock, I Drink Your Blood, Fight for Your Life, Hostel, House Of 1000 Corpses, I Spit on Your Grave, Ilsa, She Wolf of the SS and its sequels, Irréversible, Last House on Dead End Street, The Last House on the Left, Men Behind the Sun, Nekromantik, Pink Flamingos, Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma (Salo or The 120 Days of Sodom), SICK: The Life & Death of Bob Flanagan, Supermasochist, Snuff, Ta Paidia tou Diavolou (Island of Death), Thriller - en grym film (Thriller: A Cruel Picture) and Vase de Noces (Wedding Trough/One Man and his Pig/The Pig Fucking Movie). Slasher films focus on a psychopathic killer stalking and killing a sequence of victims in a graphically violent manner.
Other examples include Black Caesar, Blacula, Black Shampoo, Boss Nigger, Coffy, Coonskin, Cotton Comes to Harlem, Dolemite, Foxy Brown, Hell Up in Harlem, Live and Let Die, The Mack, Shaft, Sugar Hill, Super Fly, The Thing With Two Heads and Truck Turner. Cannibal films, otherwise known as the cannibal genre, are a collection of graphic, gory movies made in the early 1970s on into the late 1980s, primarily by Italian moviemakers. For example, Edward L.
Numerous films recognized as classics contain levels of sex, violence, and shock typically associated with exploitation films, including Stanley Kubrick s A Clockwork Orange, Tod Browning s Freaks, and Roman Polanski s Repulsion. After the massive success of Steven Spielberg s 1975 Jaws, a number of highly similar films (sometimes regarded as outright rip-offs) were produced in hopes of cashing in on its success.
Other biker films include Motorpsycho (1965), Hells Angels on Wheels (1967), The Born Losers (1967), Satan s Sadists (1969), Nam s Angels (1970), and C.C. These were typically either giant prehistoric creatures awakened by atomic blasts, or ordinary animals mutated by radiation.
While many films contain vivid sex scenes, sexploitation shows these scenes more graphically than mainstream films, often overextending the sequences or showing full frontal nudity. When Orson Welles Mercury Theatre Halloween 1938 radio production of The War of the Worlds shocked many Americans and made news, Universal Pictures edited their serial Flash Gordon s Trip to Mars into a short feature called Mars Attacks the World for release in November of that year. Some Poverty Row lower budget B movies often exploit major studio projects.
Alfred Hitchcock s Psycho is often credited as creating the basic premise of the genre. Similar to shock exploitation, the goal of Mondo films is to be shocking to the audience not only because they deal with taboo subject matter.
However, this has not always been the case. Alperson produced William Cameron Menzies Invaders from Mars in order to beat Paramount Pictures prestigious production of director George Pal s The War of the Worlds to the cinemas.
These movies mainly focused on cannibalism by tribes deep in the South American or Asian rain forests, usually perpetrated against Westerners that the tribes hold prisoner. Pal s The Time Machine was also beaten to the cinemas by Robert Clarke s Edgar G.
Doris Wishman s Let Me Die A Woman contains both shock documentary and sex exploitation elements. Exploitation films made in the 1930s and 1940s were films that got around the strict censorship and scrutiny of the era despite featuring lurid subject matter by claiming to be educational in nature. Other issues such as drug use in films like Reefer Madness (1936) attracted an audience that a major film studio would avoid to keep their mainstream and respectable reputations.
They were made to cash in on the success of George A. An exploitation film, however, relies heavily on sensationalist advertising and broad and lurid overstatement of the issues depicted, regardless of the intrinsic quality of the film.
They are named for the Italian word for yellow, Giallo , the color of which was the background of the pulp novels these movies were initially adapted from or inspired by. Others include Ms.
The genre experienced a mainstream revival in the 1990s with the success of Scream, which both mocked and paid homage to traditional slasher conventions. This trend began in the 1950s, when concern over atomic testing led to the popularity of movies about giant monsters.
The Last House on the Left also contains rape / revenge elements; although in this film the woman is incapacitated by the rapists and it is her parents who take revenge. The quintessential film of this genre is Vanishing Point.
It is named after the defunct burlesque theatres, on 42nd Street, New York, where bump n grind dancing and striptease used to be on the bill. Most are low-budget films that would not be played in theaters today and would most likely receive an NC-17 rating in the USA.
Slasher films often prove phenomenally popular and spawn numerous sequels, prequels and remakes that continue to the present day. Spaghetti Western is a nickname for the Italian-made Western films that emerged in the mid-1960s. The progenitor of this subgenre was Melvin Van Peebles Sweet Sweetback s Baadasssss Song.
Another twist on the genre is the zombie comedy, of which a notable example is Shaun of the Dead. Action • Adventure • Animation (American anime, computer animation) • Avant-garde • Biographical • Blaxploitation • Children • Comedy (American, British) • Crime • Disaster • Documentary • Drama • Epic • Exploitation • Fantasy • Film noir • LGBT • Horror • Independent short • Musical • Pirate • Prison • Romance • Romantic comedy • Science fiction • Screwball comedy • Snuff• Sports • Stop-motion (model animation) • Thriller • Conspiracy thriller • War • Western (Spaghetti Western) Cracking · Scene · Demos (Demoscene) . As a result, many major studios, producers, and stars keep their projects secret. Grindhouse is an American term for a theatre that mainly showed exploitation films.
Some of these modern movies, such as 28 Days Later, I Am Legend, and Planet Terror provide a new twist for the genre in that their zombies are not so much reanimated dead as they are living humans infected with a disease that gives them zombie-like qualities. A lot of nazisploitation film were influenced by art films like Pier Paolo Pasolini s infamous Salò o le 120 giornate di Sodoma (Salo or The 120 Days of Sodom) and Liliana Cavani s Il portiere di notte (The Night Porter) . Films in which a woman is raped, left for dead, recovers and then subsequently extracts a typically graphic, gory revenge against the person/persons who raped her.
Examples include Marihuana, Mom and Dad, Reefer Madness, Sex Madness and She Shoulda Said No!. In 1953 The Wild One, starring Marlon Brando, was the first film about a motorcycle gang. These films then need something to exploit, such as a big star, special effects, sex, violence, romance, etc.
The film Mom and Dad (1945), a film about pregnancy and childbirth, was promoted in lurid terms. Since the 1990s, this genre has also received attention from academic circles, where it is sometimes called paracinema. Exploitation is very loosely defined, and has more to do with how the viewer approaches the film than with the film s actual content.
It has further been stated that if Carnival of Souls had been made in Europe, that it would be considered an art film, while if Eyes Without a Face had been made in the U.S., it would have been categorized as a low-budget horror film. The subgenres of exploitation films are categorized by which characteristics they utilize.
Dario Argento, Lucio Fulci and Mario Bava were the most proficient directors of this genre. Mondo films, often called shockumentaries, are quasi-documentary films that focus on sensationalized topics, such as exotic customs from around the world or gruesome death footage. Titillating material and artistic content can and often do coexist, as demonstrated by the fact that art films that failed to pass the Hays Code were often shown in the same grindhouses as exploitation films.
Russ Meyer s body of work is probably the best known example; with his best known films being Faster, Pussycat! Kill! Kill! and Supervixens. The term exploitation is common in film marketing, used for all types of films to mean promotion or advertising.
In the 1960s these theatres were put to new use as venues for exploitation films. As the drive-in movie theater (an outdoor theater into which the patrons drive and watch the film from their car) began to decline in the 1960s and 1970s, theater owners began to look for ways to bring in patrons. One solution was to book exploitation films.
These included Alligator, Cujo, Day of the Animals, Great White, Grizzly, Humanoids from the Deep, Monster Shark, Orca (film), The Pack, Piranha, Prophecy, Razorback, Tentacles, and Tintorera. Exploitation films share with acclaimed transgressive European directors such as Derek Jarman, Luis Buñuel, and Jean-Luc Godard a fearlessness toward handling disreputable content.
The quintessential film of the genre which launched its popularity and its typical tropes was Ilsa, She Wolf of the SS (1974); about the buxom, nymphomaniacal dominatrix Ilsa torturing prisoners in a Stalag. Roger Corman was a major producer of these films in both decades. Giallo films are Italian-made slasher films that focus both on the cruel deaths committed by the killers and the subsequent search of detectives for the said killers.
Some later splatter films, such as Sam Raimi s Evil Dead series, along with Peter Jackson s Bad Taste and Dead Alive (also called Braindead) featured such excessive, unrealistic, over-the-top gore that they crossed the line from horror to comedy. Women in prison films emerged in the early seventies and remain a popular subgenre to this day. Exploitation films also sometimes blur genre lines utilizing two or more genres at a time for example the 1980 film Maniac could be considered both a slasher film as well as a splatter film.
In fact, some producers in the 1970s would make films directly for the drive-in market. A prominent theme was African-Americans overcoming the Man through cunning and violence.
Well-known slasher films include A Nightmare on Elm Street, The Anthropophagus Beast, Black Christmas, Child s Play, The Driller Killer, Friday the 13th, Halloween (which is usually credited with starting the genre in 1978), My Bloody Valentine, Prom Night, Silent Night, Deadly Night, Sleepaway Camp, The Texas Chain Saw Massacre and The Toolbox Murders.
